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Orchiopexy is a surgical procedure designed to correct an undescended testicle, a condition known as cryptorchidism. In this procedure, the testicle, which is abnormally positioned in the abdomen or inguinal canal, is relocated to its proper position within the scrotum. The testicle is then secured in place with sutures to prevent it from reoccurring. Orchiopexy is typically performed in children, usually before the age of one year, to ensure normal development and function of the testicle. The primary cause of cryptorchidism is the failure of one or both testicles to descend into the scrotum before birth. This condition can occur due to genetic factors, hormonal imbalances, or anatomical issues. Orchiopexy is indicated when an undescended testicle is identified, as early intervention is crucial for preserving fertility and preventing complications. Complications associated with orchiopexy can include infection at the surgical site, bleeding, and adverse reactions to anesthesia. Other potential issues involve testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testicle), which can occur if the testicle remains undescended for an extended period. There is also a risk of recurrence, where the testicle may move back out of position after surgery. In rare cases, the procedure may not fully correct the issue, and additional interventions might be required. Long-term monitoring is essential to ensure proper testicular function and to address any potential issues promptly. Overall, orchiopexy is a well-established procedure with a high success rate in correcting undescended testicles and preventing associated complications.